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Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2007)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2007)

 Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)British Indian Ocean Territory (2007)
 Turks and Caicos IslandsBritish Indian Ocean Territory
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 32.6% (male 3,101; female 3,004)


15-64 years: 63.6% (male 6,266; female 5,651)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 319; female 397) (2002 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish -
Airports 8 (2001) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)		 total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2002)		 -
Area total: 430 sq km


land: 430 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 54,400 sq km


land: 60 sq km; Diego Garcia 44 sq km


water: 54,340 sq km


note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago of 55 islands
Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory. Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate 24.18 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $47 million


expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)		 -
Capital Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) -
Climate tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline 389 km 698 km
Constitution introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988 -
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands		 conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory


conventional short form: none


abbreviation: BIOT
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international none Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago including Diego Garcia; in 2001, the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago, evicted in 1967 and 1973 and now residing chiefly in Mauritius, were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation; in May 2006, the High Court of London reversed U.K. Government's 2004 orders of council that banned habitation on the islands; a small group of Chagossians visited Diego Garcia in April 2006; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricts access to the largest viable island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient $4.1 million (1997) (1997) -
Economy - overview The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where a joint UK-US military facility is located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installation are performed by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the native Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. The territory makes money by selling fishing licenses and postage stamps.
Electricity - consumption 4.65 million kWh (2000) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production 5 million kWh (2000) NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Blue Hills 49 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater NA
Ethnic groups black -
Exchange rates the US dollar is used -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002)


head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor		 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Commissioner Leigh TURNER (since July 2006); Administrator Tony HUMPHRIES (since February 2005); note - both reside in the UK and are represented by the officer commanding British Forces on Diego Garcia


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports $13.7 million (1999) -
Exports - commodities lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells -
Exports - partners US, UK -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 8.7% (1999 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 21 45 N, 71 35 W 6 00 S, 71 30 E; note - Diego Garcia 7 20 S, 72 25 E
Geography - note about 40 islands (eight inhabited) archipelago of 55 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways total: 121 km


paved: 24 km


unpaved: 97 km (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe -
Imports $175.6 million (1999) -
Imports - commodities food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials -
Imports - partners US, UK -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, offshore financial services -
Infant mortality rate 17.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4% (1995) (1995) -
International organization participation Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 14 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court -
Labor force 4,848 (1990 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 2.33%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.67% (1998 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages English (official) -
Legal system based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.76 years


male: 71.59 years


female: 76.03 years (2002 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98%


male: 99%


female: 98% (1970 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Political Map of the World
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
National holiday Constitution Day, 30 August (1976) -
Nationality noun: none


adjective: none		 -
Natural hazards frequent hurricanes NA
Natural resources spiny lobster, conch coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate 12.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
People - note destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US -
Political parties and leaders People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 18,738 (July 2002 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 3.28% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Grand Turk, Providenciales -
Radio broadcast stations AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 8,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services


domestic: NA


international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available


domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet


international: country code (Diego Garcia) - 246; international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use 3,000 (1994) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1994) -
Television broadcast stations 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997) 1 (1997)
Terrain low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps flat and low (most areas do not exceed two meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate 3.18 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 10% (1997 est.) -
Waterways none -
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